Calculate C1V1 = C2V2 dilutions with unit conversion, pipetting volumes, DMSO carryover checks, and a bench-ready recipe.
Calculate now ↓C₁V₁ = C₂V₂A dilution calculator that also catches impractical pipetting and solvent carryover.
Mix to 1 mL final volume. Calculated stock-solvent carryover: 0.2%.
Turn a stock concentration and target concentration into the exact stock and diluent volumes to prepare.
Tossora Lab keeps units, intermediate values, and practical preparation checks visible so a mathematically correct answer is easier to translate into an experimental workflow.
Research use only. Verify critical calculations, reagent specifications, route or instrument limits, and procedures against your approved protocol and institutional requirements.
Use this laboratory dilution calculator when you know the stock concentration, target concentration and final volume. It converts compatible concentration and volume units before solving C₁V₁ = C₂V₂, then shows the stock aliquot, diluent volume, dilution factor and final stock-solvent percentage.
Open the calculatorHow much 10 mM stock is needed for 1 mL at 20 µM?
Mix 2 µL stock with 998 µL diluent to reach 1 mL final volume. The dilution factor is 500×.
Interpretation: A 2 µL transfer may be feasible with an appropriate calibrated pipette. If the stock is 100% DMSO, final DMSO is 0.2%.
Can a 1,000,000× dilution be prepared in one step?
The direct equation is mathematically valid, but the one-step preparation is not bench-feasible.
Interpretation: Treat the sub-µL warning as a reason to redesign the preparation, not as permission to round the aliquot.
Adding 1 mL diluent and then adding stock produces more than 1 mL total.
Add the calculated stock and enough diluent to reach the stated final volume.
A compound stock in DMSO also dilutes DMSO into the assay.
Review the calculated final solvent percentage against the protocol-defined limit and matched vehicle control.
A correct formula can return a volume below the reliable range of available equipment.
Use an intermediate working stock or a serial dilution with practical transfer volumes.
Copy a methods-ready sentence or preparation checklist, then adapt it to your actual protocol, instrument and acceptance criteria.
A working solution was prepared from the stock using C₁V₁ = C₂V₂, with concentration and volume units normalized before calculation.
Record stock identity and concentration, target concentration, final volume, calculated aliquot, diluent, solvent percentage and any intermediate dilution.
Final volume includes both the stock aliquot and diluent. Diluent volume is final volume minus the calculated stock volume.
Yes when the units describe compatible concentration types and are converted to a common base unit before calculation. Do not directly mix mass and molar concentration without molecular weight.
Use an intermediate stock or serial dilution designed around the validated pipette range. Do not silently round a tiny transfer.
It is the fraction of final volume contributed by the stock aliquot multiplied by the solvent percentage of that stock.
The implementation normalizes compatible concentration and volume units before applying C₁V₁ = C₂V₂, then checks for impossible or sub-microliter transfers.
Confirm stock purity, solution additivity and any solvent or stability limits in the approved protocol. The equation does not model non-ideal mixing or chemical reactions.
SI prefixes, symbols and base-unit normalization.
Independent C₁V₁ = C₂V₂ hand calculation after converting 10 mM to 10,000 µM.
Scope: Exact arithmetic reference; physical pipetting suitability remains equipment-dependent.
12 August 2026 · Internal implementation review
Equation and unit-conversion review complete. Formula behavior, unit handling, limitations and linked references were checked internally.
Independent reviewer: Not yet published. A name, relevant qualification, date and exact scope will appear here only after a real review is completed.
Source-informed and internally checked; independent scientific or regulatory validation is not claimed. Research use only.