Translate dose into a practical formulation
Keep dose level, body weight, dosing volume, concentration and route-specific constraints explicit before material is prepared.
PHARMACOKINETICS · BIOANALYSIS
Pharmacokinetics & exposure workflow
Connect dose preparation, bioanalytical quality, noncompartmental analysis and tissue exposure while keeping units and assumptions reviewable.
For DMPK, bioanalytical and preclinical pharmacology teams.FROM INPUT TO INTERPRETATION
A four-step, reviewable workflow.
The sequence is a practical guide, not a substitute for a study-specific protocol.
Preclinical dose calculator →
Confirm analytical run performance
Review calibration and QC accuracy and precision before treating reported concentrations as suitable inputs for exposure analysis.
Estimate systemic exposure with NCA
Inspect concentration-time coverage, terminal-point support and extrapolated AUC before interpreting half-life, clearance or volume.
Normalize tissue distribution
Keep injected activity or dose, tissue mass and sampling time visible when comparing percent injected dose per gram across tissues.
INTERPRETATION GUARDRAILS
What matters beyond the formula.
Preserve dose, route and units
Apparent clearance and volume after extravascular dosing depend on bioavailability; a unit-consistent number is not automatically a physiological parameter.
Support the terminal phase
Half-life and AUC extrapolation are weak when the selected terminal points are sparse, curved or poorly fitted.
Separate observed from extrapolated exposure
Report AUC to the last measurable point and the extrapolated fraction so reviewers can judge how much of AUC∞ is model-dependent.
Common interpretation questions.
When should I report AUC to last instead of AUC to infinity?
AUC to last is the directly observed exposure summary. AUC to infinity additionally depends on a defensible terminal slope and should be qualified when the extrapolated fraction is large.
How many terminal points are enough?
There is no universal count. Use enough post-peak observations to support a log-linear region, inspect fit and sensitivity, and follow the prespecified analysis procedure.
Is CL/F the same as systemic clearance?
Not necessarily. After extravascular dosing, the calculation is apparent clearance divided by bioavailability; it equals systemic clearance only when bioavailability is known or appropriately accounted for.
SELECTED REFERENCES
Start with the method source.
References inform this workflow and do not imply endorsement of Tossora Lab.
Source-informed and internally checked. Independent scientific or regulatory validation is not claimed.
How we review and correct content →